CBD vs. THC: Unveiling the Key Contrasts

Marijuana has been enjoyed for centuries, but THC and CBD have only recently been studied for their individual benefits. This article discusses the differences between CBD and THC, as well as the ongoing research that suggests marijuana has potential therapeutic benefits.

A Deep Dive Into THC And CBD 

Although CBD and THC share many a similarity, they are more different than they are alike. Below, we uncover everything from their chemical makeup to their various effects on users.

Delta-9 THC

Delta-9 Tetrahydrocannabinol, more commonly known as THC, is one of the most influential psychoactive compounds found in cannabis plants. The name “Delta-9” refers to its chemical structure, specifically the arrangement of its atoms. Although weed has been enjoyed for centuries by various cultures, THC was first identified and isolated in the early 1960s by Israeli chemist Raphael Mechoulam and his team. The discovery of Delta-9 THC was a ginormous win for the progression of cannabis research.

In ancient times, cannabis was typically consumed in plant form, such as leaves and flowers, which contained a mixture of cannabinoids, including THC. It was used for medicinal, spiritual, and recreational purposes across different cultures, including ancient Chinese and Indian societies. There was a sort of sacred stance toward cannabis that has been relatively lost in modern times. 

As for the chemical makeup of Delta-9 THC,  it consists of 21 carbon atoms, 30 hydrogen atoms, and 2 oxygen atoms. Its molecular formula is C21H30O2 (this one is for the science nerds out there). When THC is consumed, whether through smoking, vaping, or ingesting, it enters the bloodstream and crosses the blood-brain barrier. In the brain, it binds to cannabinoid receptors, primarily CB1 receptors, which are part of the endocannabinoid system. This binding leads to various psychoactive effects, including altered perception, mood changes, and physical sensations.

The psychoactive THC effects can vary from person to person, depending on factors such as the amount consumed, individual brain chemistry, and the presence of other cannabinoids and terpenes in the cannabis strain. Common psychoactive effects include euphoria, relaxation, a boost in mood, increased sensory perception, and heightened creativity. Newer users should be aware that THC can also lead to adverse effects, including short-term memory impairment, dry mouth, bloodshot eyes, and worried thoughts, especially when consumed in large amounts.

Long-term use of THC has been associated with potential negative effects on the brain and body. Chronic use can lead to a feeling of addiction in some individuals, and heavy use during adolescence may affect cognitive development. Prolonged use of THC-rich cannabis strains may also lead to mental health issues, particularly in those predisposed to certain conditions. Future studies are needed to understand the exact long-term effects that cannabis can have on mental health. 

Cannabidiol (CBD)

CBD is the other prominent cannabinoid found in cannabis, and it is non-psychoactive. CBD’s chemical makeup consists of 21 carbon atoms, 30 hydrogen atoms, and 2 oxygen atoms, with the same molecular formula as Delta-9 THC. CBD was first isolated from cannabis in the 1940s, but it was only in more recent years that it gained popularity for its potential medicinal benefits.

The effects of cannabidiol do not produce the euphoric high that is produced by THC when consumed, instead, it interacts with the endocannabinoid system in a more subtle way. CBD can modulate the activity of CB1 and CB2 receptors, among other mechanisms, influencing processes like pain perception, inflammation, and mood regulation.

CBD’s therapeutic potential is diverse and is still undergoing research, but for some research on CBD’s use and effectiveness, please see here.

Psychoactive Effects And Potential Medicinal Properties

The psychoactive effects of THC are relatively understood by the majority of marijuana users, but we’re here to give you the entire inside scoop on what is happening in your brain when you smoke a joint! We’ll also take a look into the potential of cannabis’ medicinal properties. 

Effects Of THC And CBD On The Brain

THC affects the release of dopamine, the pleasure neurotransmitter, which contributes to feelings of euphoria and relaxation. THC can also affect the perception of time and sensory perception, leading to a perceived altered state of consciousness.

CBD may also play a role in neuroplasticity, which is the brain’s ability to restructure itself by forming new neural connections. Some research suggests that CBD can promote neurogenesis (the generation of new neurons) and protect existing neurons from damage. These effects could have implications for conditions like neurodegenerative diseases and traumatic brain injuries. Although more research is needed to support these findings, the future of marijuana is full of possibilities!